adjacency

[OED]: 1. The quality or state of being adjacent, or of lying near; contiguity.

adjacency

in
Source: 
O'Sullivan and Unwin (2002)
Adjacency can be thought of as the nominal, or binary, equivalent of distance. Two spatial entities are either adjacent or they are not, and we usually do not allow a middle ground (p. 36/see source for more).

adjacency

in
Source: 
Golledge, et al. (2008)
To comprehend the location of two objects through understanding of distance measurements (p. 95)

adjacency

in
Source: 
Marsh, et al. (2008)
Recognize closeness in space or find nearest neighbors in a distribution (p. 698)
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